Filter for cold water pipeline. Overview of fine and coarse water filters: how to choose and install. Photos of different filters

Even if the water on the site is crystal clear, and chemical composition pleases with impeccability, it is still necessary to purify the flow from impurities and particles of various sizes. Otherwise, household appliances will quickly become unusable, and there will be sand in the soup. Mechanical coarse filters just solve problems of this kind, you just have to understand their types, types and choose a reliable manufacturer.

Coarse cleaning is the first stage of water preparation. After the flow passes through the well filters, a lot of solid particles remain in the liquid, making the water unsuitable for use. Therefore, preliminary water treatment is mandatory, even if good well filters are installed.

The tasks of coarse filtration are simple, it is the removal of solid inclusions of any kind. These include elements of sand, gravel rocks with a minimum size of 15 microns. Distinguishable to the naked eye, the particles settle on the filters, so the stage is called coarse filtration, and “mechanical” is called because of the features of the technology, which resembles filtering water flows through a sieve. Filtration equipment is mounted after the pressure tank in the section of the supply pipeline.

As for the number of devices, the efficiency does not always depend on the presence of 2-5 filters, if they are exactly the same. In this case, only the pressure drops and the level of resistance in the line increases significantly, which leads to an increase in the loads on the pump. If there is an urgent need for additional devices for primary purification of water from a well, then it is better to choose filters of a different size plan, while mounting a high-powered pump.

Important! Primary filtration devices are able to maintain efficiency under sudden pressure drops, temperature fluctuations and ideally cope with pollution of increased diameter.

Types and types of primary treatment devices

When choosing coarse filters, it is better to pay attention to fairly simple devices. The complexity of the design is not needed, and simple and functional models will last much longer.

Mechanical filters for pre-treatment of water from a well are selected solely by the amount of solid suspensions in the stream, as well as the average daily volume of water consumption: high intensity requires the arrangement of a powerful system.

Sump

This is the simplest and at the same time, one of the best filters for coarse water purification from a well. Installed at the direct inlet of the flow and retains particles up to 300 microns in size. Structurally, mud collectors are divided into:

horizontal;
vertical;
Y-shaped.

The advantages are cleaning up to 90%, operation at temperatures up to +150 C, functionality at pressures up to 6 MPa and long service life. But the use of the device requires supervision of the hydraulic resistance. The body of the sump can be equipped with a removable bottom, have a side hatch and devices for bleeding air masses and draining the water flow.

According to the principle of connection, the devices are divided into welded and flanged. Users will be pleased with the possibility of using mud collectors without registration with the supervisory authorities, as well as equipping devices (in addition to the grid) with magnetic traps for selecting metal particles from the flow.

Important! Mud pans are used in wells where the flow has sufficient power or strong saturation with extraneous large fragments. To expand the functions, it is possible to use a mesh fabric with a reduced diameter of the holes.

Coarse mesh filters

The devices are equipped with a mesh cloth with small mesh sizes - up to 20-500 microns. When choosing a design, it will be right to pay attention to the photo and understand the technological features. For example, there are appliances with an automatic backwash function. This means that the user does not have to disassemble the filter to remove residual dirt.

As a rule, strainers are equipped with a pressure regulating valve located at the outlet. In addition, for an apartment, devices are made of transparent plastic (for cold water) or durable metal (for hot flow). The advantages of the model include the function of protecting the internal pipeline and household appliances from water hammer, pressure surges and debris. Aligning the pre-filter with a pressure gauge will help control the outlet pressure of the fluid flow.

Small dimensions, durability, practicality and ease of use are the obvious advantages of this equipment. But it is important to know that filters with a backwash function require installation only in a well system equipped with a drainage pipe, where the flow of liquid with impurities will merge.

Coarse cartridge filters

This is a cartridge system, which is a flask body with several replaceable cartridges. The ability to trap particles up to 30 microns, a variety of models, a division into the installation of devices for cold / hot water determined the popularity of the models. However, with all the advantages, equipment for cleaning the flow from the well has a number of disadvantages:

The need for frequent replacement of cartridges, especially if the well is punched into the sand;
Mandatory inspections and pressure adjustment;
The inapplicability of such devices for high power flows.

But at the same time, cartridge models capture even the smallest dust suspensions, as well as chlorine compounds (this applies to coal appliances) extremely well. But the stocking-type device will cope with fibrous contaminants such as mud, algae and even clay slurry.

Bag filters

As you can see in the photo, this is a kind of cartridge devices, where an empty flask is filled with granular material. The increased cleaning efficiency competes with the very high price of the equipment. As for washing, it is better to entrust bag structures to specialists.

High speed cleaning structures

Such filters are more used for primary water treatment on an industrial scale. Representing a container-column filled with filter material, the design has a huge throughput and can trap particles of different fractions, starting from 30 microns.

Being the best designs for pre-treatment of water from a well, the devices have some disadvantages:

Serious dimensions;
The device should be located only in rooms where a warm temperature is maintained;
To ensure regeneration processes, water filters require a drainage pipeline, it will have to be installed additionally.

About manufacturers

When deciding on a device for primary water treatment from a well, you should pay attention to manufacturers. Only a few offer the product really good quality, so do not neglect reviews, photos of models and descriptions of technical characteristics.

The most famous are the following:

Honeywell. The company offers equipment that removes small debris, sand, clay and mud. The devices are distinguished by good protection against pressure surges, ease of installation and use.
Arkal. Provides water purification equipment equipped with special polymer discs that are not subject to corrosion and perfectly resist pressure surges. The devices of this Israeli company are distinguished by absolute reliability in operation and a long service life.
Rusfilter. These are devices that are 100% adapted to our working conditions. They are used where the flow is saturated with fine particles of sand suspension, mud and clay. A distinctive feature is the ultimate control over the quality of equipment. Among the models, defective devices are extremely rare. The disadvantage is low ergonomics and complexity of maintenance.
Valtec. A huge range of equipment for every taste and budget. Advantages: materials are brass and bronze, and the filter element is always made of stainless steel. Long service life (up to 30 years), convenient maintenance and practicality. There is only one drawback - this is a joint project, so you need to be extremely careful when choosing models and it is better to buy from an authorized dealer.

Water flowing through pipes or from a well contains a variety of biological and chemical impurities, as well as mechanical pollution, which can be dangerous both for human health and for complex household appliances and expensive plumbing.

Helps remove large impurities main filter for coarse water purification.

It is installed directly at the entrance to the house. Also, such devices are also called pre-filters. They trap grains of sand, silt and other contaminants and prepare water for further purification by other filters.

Those who purchased expensive household appliances were probably warned that the manufacturer's warranty would only be valid if there was a filter at the inlet, that is, pre-cleaning is a prerequisite. Plumbing reacts to water quality, stains and plaque may appear, connections begin to leak, gaskets need to be replaced faster.

Even water meters can not withstand dirty water and fail.

If the house has a fine filter, then the pre-filter will facilitate its work, less often it will be necessary to replace the cartridges.

VIDEO REVIEW

In city apartments, the installation of different main devices for both types of water is required. At the same time, the filter for cold water should never be used for cleaning hot water.

By the type of cartridges, the following types of devices are distinguished:

mesh,
corrugated,
winding filters.

The equipment can also differ in the degree of cleaning.

According to this indicator, there are:

single-stage - to remove rust, sand, sediment,
two-stage - additionally remove chlorine, clay, organic matter, unpleasant odors,
three-stage - make water softer, remove iron.

Before buying a main device, it is important to determine the following parameters:

line type (hot or cold water),
required level of purification (mesh or cartridge filters can be used),
body type (with high water flow - Big blue, with a small Slim Line),
the level of hydraulic losses (the higher your apartment, the less losses should be),
type of cartridge (selected after water analysis).

VIDEO

Rating of the best coarse water filters for home

Main filters Geyser- are used for cleaning and conditioning water for household needs. They perform a whole range of tasks - from the simplest to complete reverse osmosis treatment, as a result of which the water becomes completely drinkable.

The body can be made of plastic or stainless steel. A large selection of cartridges for water purification of any level of contamination is presented. Replacing equipment cartridges is quite simple, and the devices themselves are durable and reliable.

Another market leader is the company Aquaphor offers Viking models for installation in a city apartment or in the country. Effectively remove sand and rust, pesticides, heavy metals, unpleasant odors.

The strong metal case provides resistance to mechanical loadings and a high pressure.

Differs in high speed of cleaning — about 25 l/min. The compact design allows you to place equipment in inconvenient and hard-to-reach places.

The honeywell coarse water filter is deservedly considered one of the best, its advantages:

patented backwash mechanism,
no need for cleaning
increased reliability and durability.

Not afraid of pressure surges, easy to install and use.

The Israeli company Arkal produces equally high-quality coarse water flow filters than the previous manufacturer. Their products are not yet so popular in Russia, but they are very often used in European countries. The main cleaning element is polymer discs that are resistant to corrosion and pressure surges.

Installation instructions - how to unscrew the coarse water filter

At installation of a coarse water filter it is worth relying on the arrow pattern on the body, which shows the direction of water flow.

If filter cleaning is provided, a bypass line will be required.

In general, the procedure will be as follows:

Install the equipment with an adjustable wrench. For a perpendicular filter, the sump must be placed with a cover down to allow dirt to accumulate.
Flush the equipment by opening the drain cocks under the instrument.
After 30 seconds, you can return the device to its working position.

Do-it-yourself coarse water strainer cleaning

If you need to replace the device with a new one, follow these steps:

Turn off the water, leave all taps open to relieve pressure. Then close the taps back.
Twist the old filter with a wrench, remove the clamps from the wall.
Remove the old seal, wind a new insulating tape.
Attach the device to the wall.
Turn on the water, check for leaks.

Are there any differences in coarse water filters for a country house

Coarse water filters for summer cottages have a number of differences from similar equipment for use in urban apartments. First of all, the difference is due to the composition of water. In the city, water is characterized by increased hardness, and in the country, many are faced with the smell of hydrogen sulfide and the taste of metal.

Also, the selection of equipment is carried out taking into account the source of water intake, because the water outside the city does not undergo preliminary treatment and comes directly from a well or well.

In individual houses, it is possible to use a wider range of equipment, since usually there are no problems with free space for appliances. For this reason, many install more complex integrated systems of not only coarse, but also fine water purification.

Some manufacturers offer universal devices that can be used both in a private house and in an apartment. Before buying such a device, it is still recommended to analyze the water and understand whether it is suitable for water treatment in your area.

The coarse water filter is an efficient filtration system and can be used by installing it on a system with a drain pipe. Everything works in automatic mode, you do not need to adjust them regularly. Sometimes they are called main filters or mud collectors, they are easy to operate and durable.

There are several types of coarse water filters. Each of them has its own design features. Today, the most popular are cartridge filters and high-speed pressure filters. The cartridges provide for the presence of a replaceable cartridge that performs filtration. Such a cartridge delays inclusions up to 30 microns in volume. Replace the cartridge as needed. The use of this model is advisable in relatively small water supply systems with low flows, where very small inclusions are present in the water.

The high speed pressure version is a one-piece tank with anti-corrosion material, it contains a filter material. Liquids pass through it and are cleaned, the material effectively retains particles larger than 30 microns. They are installed in the upper part of the block, the work of rough cleaning and regeneration is monitored in automatic mode.

You can buy a quality filter in our store in Moscow at affordable prices. Appeal from other regions of Russia is also possible. Check out the offers from our catalog, sort the products using the filter.

In a wide range there are products from different manufacturers, differing in design and technical and operational characteristics.

If you have any questions regarding the purchase, payment and delivery, then call our consultants or contact us online in electronic form.

Centralized filtration stations in cities and small towns perform complex water purification, starting with the removal of large inclusions and ending with the deactivation of microorganisms through disinfection. Nevertheless, the quality of water leaves much to be desired, due to the long period of use of water pipes.

A coarse filter installed at the entrance to an apartment or a private house will significantly reduce the load on water-absorbing units and equipment, and ultimately save the family's money.

The purpose of the coarse filter

During primary filtration, particles of relatively large sizes are separated, among which there may be rust, grains, pebbles, sand, silt, grains of minerals, residues of organic contaminants. Installing a coarse water filter in a private low-rise building will protect against breakdowns:

heating system;
washing machines and dishwashers;
filters for thorough fine cleaning;
plumbing;
hydraulic accumulators;
cranes;
heaters.

Installing a filter at the entrance to an apartment in a multi-storey building is also economically beneficial because tap water enters all of the listed devices, except for the heating system. Purification of water heat carriers in the heating systems of apartment buildings and supply hot water- First of all, the task of the heating network, which the centralized company successfully copes with.

Some homeowners do install rough cleaning systems on hot water pipes, which is certainly a useful thing. The main thing is to pay attention to the purpose of the filter and carry out the installation correctly, in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturers.

Device types

At the initial stage, coarse filtration is carried out, which models with meshes or cartridges successfully cope with. There are devices that clean by means of discs or a filter mass enclosed in a separate tank, where a water stream is supplied under pressure, but they have received less recognition from consumers and are used less frequently in practice.

Grid filtering

The mesh filter for coarse water purification effectively copes with primary purification based on the mechanical separation of impurities on an industrial or household scale.

Subsequent stages of quality improvement are based on more subtle physical and chemical processes.

The filter mesh is hermetically sealed with gaskets in a metal case, equipped with a pressure gauge to control the pressure in the pipes. Models with two pressure gauges located before and after the grid are convenient to use, more expensive, and it is easier to assess the degree of filter contamination with them. The most budgetary mesh devices are produced without pressure gauges, which makes the owner independently, without additional devices, control the condition of the filter, remember the installation time and the timing of the necessary replacement.

Note! Any model must be placed on the pipes to the place where the meter is mounted, which will extend the time of successful operation of the device that controls the water flow.

The body has outlet and inlet nozzles, between which there is a sump, which serves to reduce the flow rate and the accumulation of settling particles on the bottom of the cylindrical branch.

The connection of the device to the pipeline is carried out by means of a coupling or flange connection, which is determined by the dimensions of the pipes. If the diameter exceeds two inches, flanges are used, with a smaller diameter, the use of coupling fasteners is justified. In domestic conditions, the units are installed on pipelines using standard threaded connections, which greatly simplifies installation and makes it accessible to home craftsmen.

Device and washing of mesh filters

Grids have different cell sizes, which must be taken into account when choosing a filter. The minimum pore diameter is 1 µm, the average is from 20 µm, and the maximum is up to 500 µm. It is advisable to choose a filter after a preliminary water analysis, having received an idea of the degree and nature of its pollution.

The devices may have a sump located on the same straight axis with the filter or along an oblique line relative to the housing. Direct models are to be installed on strictly horizontal pipelines, while the branch for the sump is directed downwards. Oblique coarse filters tap water can be installed in both horizontal and vertically oriented areas.

Many devices have screens that need to be cleaned periodically because dirt accumulates on them. In everyday life, such mesh filters are often called mud collectors. More advanced and expensive models have a flushing and drainage system for dirty drains. To do this, simply open the tap located at the bottom of the sump and wait for the contaminated liquid to drain. The settled debris flows into the sewer, after which the coarse cleaning device can work for a long time.

Metal meshes are the easiest to clean, but they can easily be deformed when cleaned on their own. Brass, bronze compounds or non-oxidizing steel are used as metal alloys. Mesh fabrics made from ordinary iron threads will not withstand constant exposure to water for a short time, they will quickly rot, so unstable alloys are not used for making filters.

A mesh basket made of plastic fibers or fiberglass has an increased resistance to deformation, does not tear, does not break, but it can be much more difficult to wash than a metal one.

Filtration with cartridges

Devices with cartridges are in great demand because they purify water both from large particles and from seemingly invisible small grains with a diameter of 1 micron. Units with retained particle sizes exceeding 20 microns are used for coarse water filtration on mains. Devices for filtering fine grains can be used to prepare for consumption drinking water. Sometimes cartridge cleaning is performed after screen filtration, ultimately combining both ways to improve water quality.

There are several types of materials for filling cartridges:

polypropylene;
cellulose impregnated with synthetics;
nylon.

Easy to use cartridges with polypropylene fibers, which are wound on the base in a special way. With the correct orientation of the threads, the outer part retains a large suspension, and the inner part filters out the rest of the impurities; in general, the entire volume of the cartridge works. Filters made by amateurs are filled in such a way that the outer layer is filled with dirt, blocking access to the internal volume of the cartridge.

If the devices become excessively dirty, then the water pressure after filtering noticeably decreases, which additionally reminds you of the need to replace the cartridge.

Note! Cartridges with propylene are adapted to work with cold or heated water up to 52 ℃ (no more).

Hot water can be subjected to rough cleaning with special devices with cartridges filled with threads of their impregnated cotton fibers. Such material can withstand temperatures as high as 93℃, the presence of microbes and pollutants.

The cartridge in which the cartridges are placed can also be made from different materials, depending on the recommendations for use. The plastic case tolerates cold and warm water well, and a metal container is suitable for hot water supply. Plastic walls are convenient because they allow you to monitor the state of the cartridge, however, at high temperatures, you should neglect the convenience and choose a model with a metal case.

Other types of coarse filtering

Good cleaning of particles with any size is provided by devices in which water with initial pressure is supplied directly to the container on the fibrous material. The disadvantage of such designs is the large size and the need for frequent replacement of the filler, which, without prior settling of the liquid, becomes clogged with dirt very quickly.

Coarse disk filters are often installed on heat-central pipelines, water supply systems for irrigation, in which dirt settles on polymer carriers. The discs are fixed on the axis in the branch of the pipeline along the path of the water flow. As water accumulates in the case, it seeps through all the disks, leaving foreign inclusions on them.

Characteristics of popular models

For coarse purification of water flowing in large highways, Geyser filters with grids or cartridges are successfully used. The devices are available for sale in both metal and plastic versions, they are easy to install and maintain.

Aquaphor filters have earned a good reputation among consumers, which successfully cope with high pressure, remove many impurities, and remove the bad smell of polluted water.

Imported Honeywell products are expensive and have a wide range of features. The company produces industrial shut-off and control valves, and also makes filters with a reducer that allows lowering the inlet pressure, thus improving the degree of purification.

Installation and cleaning rules

Universal installation instructions for all filter modifications do not exist and cannot exist, but the main advice is to carefully study the instructions and strictly follow them. Practitioners prefer to work with detachable devices, no matter how often they need to be cleaned.

Note! It is important to remember that filters that perform coarse filtration must be installed immediately at the inlet of the pipeline to the house or apartment, to the location of the meter and wiring to rooms, household appliances.

To clean the water supply, you need to turn off the device, unwind the device, removing the working part. The grid, the disk can be washed with water, cleaned with a brush, sponge, brush, and then installed in its original place. You should not try to clean the cartridges yourself, you need to replace the dirty cartridge with a new copy, do the assembly correctly.

Of course, the installation must ensure the absolute tightness of the system; gaskets are used for this. The philosophical attitude to dripping or leaking joints in this case is completely inappropriate, as well as any improvisation. For example, a filter designed for flange connection should be connected via flanges, nothing else.